Part 142 — CCAR-142 飞行训练中心合格审定

飞行训练中心的合格审定、训练课程批准和管理规定。

FAR Part 142 原文
CCAR-142 原文

FAR Part 142 原文

Part 142

Authority:

Source:

§ 142.1

Applicability.

(a) This subpart prescribes the requirements governing the certification and operation of training centers. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, this part provides an alternative means to accomplish training required by parts 61, 63, 65, 91, 121, 125, 135, or 137 of this chapter.

(b) Certification under this part is not required for training that is—

(1) Approved under the provisions of parts 63, 91, 121, 127, 135, or 137 of this chapter;

(2) Approved under subpart Y of part 121 of this chapter, Advanced Qualification Programs, for the authorization holder's own employees;

(3) Conducted under part 61 unless that part requires certification under this part;

(4) Conducted by a part 121 certificate holder for another part 121 certificate holder;

(5) Conducted by a part 135 certificate holder for another part 135 certificate holder; or

(6) Conducted by a part 91 fractional ownership program manager for another part 91 fractional ownership program manager.

(c) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, after August 3, 1998, no person may conduct training, testing, or checking in advanced flight training devices or flight simulators without, or in violation of, the certificate and training specifications required by this part.

§ 142.1

Applicability.

(d) Additional requirements for training centers seeking to provide curriculums for powered-lift certification and ratings are set forth in part 194 of this chapter.

§ 142.3

Definitions.

As used in this part:

Advanced Flight Training Device as used in this part, means a flight training device as defined in part 61 of this chapter that has a cockpit that accurately replicates a specific make, model, and type aircraft cockpit, and handling characteristics that accurately model the aircraft handling characteristics.

Core Curriculum means a set of courses approved by the Administrator, for use by a training center and its satellite training centers. The core curriculum consists of training which is required for certification. It does not include training for tasks and circumstances unique to a particular user.

Course means—

(1) A program of instruction to obtain pilot certification, qualification, authorization, or currency;

(2) A program of instruction to meet a specified number of requirements of a program for pilot training, certification, qualification, authorization, or currency; or

(3) A curriculum, or curriculum segment, as defined in subpart Y of part 121 of this chapter.

Courseware means instructional material developed for each course or curriculum, including lesson plans, flight event descriptions, computer software programs, audiovisual programs, workbooks, and handouts.

Evaluator means a person employed by a training center certificate holder who performs tests for certification, added ratings, authorizations, and proficiency checks that are authorized by the certificate holder's training specification, and who is authorized by the Administrator to administer such checks and tests.

Flight training equipment means full flight simulators, as defined in § 1.1 of this chapter, flight training devices, as defined in § 1.1 of this chapter, and aircraft.

Instructor means a person employed by a training center and designated to provide instruction in accordance with subpart C of this part.

Line-Operational Simulation means simulation conducted using operational-oriented flight scenarios that accurately replicate interaction among flightcrew members and between flightcrew members and dispatch facilities, other crewmembers, air traffic control, and ground operations. Line operational simulation simulations are conducted for training and evaluation purposes and include random, abnormal, and emergency occurrences. Line operational simulation specifically includes line-oriented flight training, special purpose operational training, and line operational evaluation.

Specialty Curriculum means a set of courses that is designed to satisfy a requirement of the Federal Aviation Regulations and that is approved by the Administrator for use by a particular training center or satellite training center. The specialty curriculum includes training requirements unique to one or more training center clients.

Training center means an organization governed by the applicable requirements of this part that provides training, testing, and checking under contract or other arrangement to airmen subject to the requirements of this chapter.

Training program consists of courses, courseware, facilities, flight training equipment, and personnel necessary to accomplish a specific training objective. It may include a core curriculum and a specialty curriculum.

Training specifications means a document issued to a training center certificate holder by the Administrator that prescribes that center's training, checking, and testing authorizations and limitations, and specifies training program requirements.

§ 142.5

Certificate and training specifications required.

(a) No person may operate a certificated training center without, or in violation of, a training center certificate and training specifications issued under this part.

(b) An applicant will be issued a training center certificate and training specifications with appropriate limitations if the applicant shows that it has adequate facilities, equipment, personnel, and courseware required by § 142.11 to conduct training approved under § 142.37.

§ 142.7

Duration of a certificate.

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, a training center certificate issued under this part is effective until the certificate is surrendered or until the Administrator suspends, revokes, or terminates it.

(b) Unless sooner surrendered, suspended, or revoked, a certificate issued under this part for a training center located outside the United States expires at the end of the twelfth month after the month in which it is issued or renewed.

(c) If the Administrator suspends, revokes, or terminates a training center certificate, the holder of that certificate shall return the certificate to the Administrator within 5 working days after being notified that the certificate is suspended, revoked, or terminated.

§ 142.9

Deviations or waivers.

(a) The Administrator may issue deviations or waivers from any of the requirements of this part.

(b) A training center applicant requesting a deviation or waiver under this section must provide the Administrator with information acceptable to the Administrator that shows—

(1) Justification for the deviation or waiver; and

(2) That the deviation or waiver will not adversely affect the quality of instruction or evaluation.

§ 142.11

Application for issuance or amendment.

(a) An application for a training center certificate and training specifications shall—

(1) Be made on a form and in a manner prescribed by the Administrator;

(2) Be filed with the responsible Flight Standards office for the area in which the applicant's principal business office is located; and

(3) Be made at least 120 calendar days before the beginning of any proposed training or 60 calendar days before effecting an amendment to any approved training, unless a shorter filing period is approved by the Administrator.

(b) Each application for a training center certificate and training specification shall provide—

(1) A statement showing that the minimum qualification requirements for each management position are met or exceeded;

(2) A statement acknowledging that the applicant shall notify the Administrator within 10 working days of any change made in the assignment of persons in the required management positions;

(3) The proposed training authorizations and training specifications requested by the applicant;

(4) The proposed evaluation authorization;

(5) A description of the flight training equipment that the applicant proposes to use;

(6) A description of the applicant's training facilities, equipment, qualifications of personnel to be used, and proposed evaluation plans;

(7) A training program curriculum, including syllabi, outlines, courseware, procedures, and documentation to support the items required in subpart B of this part, upon request by the Administrator;

(8) A description of a recordkeeping system that will identify and document the details of training, qualification, and certification of students, instructors, and evaluators;

(9) A description of quality control measures proposed; and

(10) A method of demonstrating the applicant's qualification and ability to provide training for a certificate or rating in fewer than the minimum hours prescribed in part 61 of this chapter if the applicant proposes to do so.

(1) Be available for inspection and evaluation prior to approval; and

(2) Be in place and operational at the location of the proposed training center prior to issuance of a certificate under this part.

(d) An applicant who meets the requirements of this part and is approved by the Administrator is entitled to—

(1) A training center certificate containing all business names included on the application under which the certificate holder may conduct operations and the address of each business office used by the certificate holder; and

(2) Training specifications, issued by the Administrator to the certificate holder, containing—

(i) The type of training authorized, including approved courses;

(ii) The category, class, and type of aircraft that may be used for training, testing, and checking;

(iii) For each flight simulator or flight training device, the make, model, and series of airplane or the set of airplanes being simulated and the qualification level assigned, or the make, model, and series of rotorcraft, or set of rotorcraft being simulated and the qualification level assigned;

(iv) For each flight simulator and flight training device subject to qualification evaluation by the Administrator, the identification number assigned by the FAA;

(v) The name and address of all satellite training centers, and the approved courses offered at each satellite training center;

(vi) Authorized deviations or waivers from this part; and

(vii) Any other items the Administrator may require or allow.

(e) The Administrator may deny, suspend, revoke, or terminate a certificate under this part if the Administrator finds that the applicant or the certificate holder—

(1) Held a training center certificate that was revoked, suspended, or terminated within the previous 5 years; or

(2) Employs or proposes to employ a person who—

(i) Was previously employed in a management or supervisory position by the holder of a training center certificate that was revoked, suspended, or terminated within the previous 5 years;

(ii) Exercised control over any certificate holder whose certificate has been revoked, suspended, or terminated within the last 5 years; and

(iii) Contributed materially to the revocation, suspension, or termination of that certificate and who will be employed in a management or supervisory position, or who will be in control of or have a substantial ownership interest in the training center.

(3) Has provided incomplete, inaccurate, fraudulent, or false information for a training center certificate;

(4) Should not be granted a certificate if the grant would not foster aviation safety.

(f) At any time, the Administrator may amend a training center certificate—

(1) On the Administrator's own initiative, under section 609 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 1429), as amended, and part 13 of this chapter; or

(2) Upon timely application by the certificate holder.

(g) The certificate holder must file an application to amend a training center certificate at least 60 calendar days prior to the applicant's proposed effective amendment date unless a different filing period is approved by the Administrator.

§ 142.11

Application for issuance or amendment.

(d) * * *

(2) * * *

(iii) For each flight simulator or flight training device, the make model, and series of aircraft or the set of aircraft being simulated and the qualification level assigned;

§ 142.13

Management and personnel requirements.

An applicant for a training center certificate must show that—

(a) For each proposed curriculum, the training center has, and shall maintain, a sufficient number of instructors who are qualified in accordance with subpart C of this part to perform the duties to which they are assigned;

(b) The training center has designated, and shall maintain, a sufficient number of approved evaluators to provide required checks and tests to graduation candidates within 7 calendar days of training completion for any curriculum leading to airman certificates or ratings, or both;

(c) The training center has, and shall maintain, a sufficient number of management personnel who are qualified and competent to perform required duties; and

(d) A management representative, and all personnel who are designated by the training center to conduct direct student training, are able to understand, read, write, and fluently speak the English language.

§ 142.14

Employment of former FAA employees.

(a) Except as specified in paragraph (c) of this section, no holder of a training center certificate may knowingly employ or make a contractual arrangement which permits an individual to act as an agent or representative of the certificate holder in any matter before the Federal Aviation Administration if the individual, in the preceding 2 years—

(1) Served as, or was directly responsible for the oversight of, a Flight Standards Service aviation safety inspector; and

(2) Had direct responsibility to inspect, or oversee the inspection of, the operations of the certificate holder.

(b) For the purpose of this section, an individual shall be considered to be acting as an agent or representative of a certificate holder in a matter before the agency if the individual makes any written or oral communication on behalf of the certificate holder to the agency (or any of its officers or employees) in connection with a particular matter, whether or not involving a specific party and without regard to whether the individual has participated in, or had responsibility for, the particular matter while serving as a Flight Standards Service aviation safety inspector.

(c) The provisions of this section do not prohibit a holder of a training center certificate from knowingly employing or making a contractual arrangement which permits an individual to act as an agent or representative of the certificate holder in any matter before the Federal Aviation Administration if the individual was employed by the certificate holder before October 21, 2011.

§ 142.15

Facilities.

(a) An applicant for, or holder of, a training center certificate shall ensure that—

(1) Each room, training booth, or other space used for instructional purposes is heated, lighted, and ventilated to conform to local building, sanitation, and health codes; and

(2) The facilities used for instruction are not routinely subject to significant distractions caused by flight operations and maintenance operations at the airport.

(b) An applicant for, or holder of, a training center certificate shall establish and maintain a principal business office that is physically located at the address shown on its training center certificate.

(d) An applicant for, or holder of, a training center certificate must have available exclusively, for adequate periods of time and at a location approved by the Administrator, adequate flight training equipment and courseware, including at least one flight simulator or advanced flight training device.

§ 142.17

Satellite training centers.

(a) The holder of a training center certificate may conduct training in accordance with an approved training program at a satellite training center if—

(1) The facilities, equipment, personnel, and course content of the satellite training center meet the applicable requirements of this part;

(2) The instructors and evaluators at the satellite training center are under the direct supervision of management personnel of the principal training center;

(3) The Administrator is notified in writing that a particular satellite is to begin operations at least 60 days prior to proposed commencement of operations at the satellite training center; and

(4) The certificate holder's training specifications reflect the name and address of the satellite training center and the approved courses offered at the satellite training center.

(b) The certificate holder's training specifications shall prescribe the operations required and authorized at each satellite training center.

§§ 142.21-142.25

§ 142.27

Display of certificate.

(a) Each holder of a training center certificate must prominently display that certificate in a place accessible to the public in the principal business office of the training center.

(b) A training center certificate and training specifications must be made available for inspection upon request by—

(1) The Administrator;

(2) An authorized representative of the National Transportation Safety Board; or

(3) Any Federal, State, or local law enforcement agency.

§ 142.29

Inspections.

Each certificate holder must allow the Administrator to inspect training center facilities, equipment, and records at any reasonable time and in any reasonable place in order to determine compliance with or to determine initial or continuing eligibility under 49 U.S.C. 44701, 44707, formerly the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended, and the training center's certificate and training specifications.

§ 142.31

Advertising limitations.

(a) A certificate holder may not conduct, and may not advertise to conduct, any training, testing, and checking that is not approved by the Administrator if that training is designed to satisfy any requirement of this chapter.

(b) A certificate holder whose certificate has been surrendered, suspended, revoked, or terminated must—

(1) Promptly remove all indications, including signs, wherever located, that the training center was certificated by the Administrator; and

(2) Promptly notify all advertising agents, or advertising media, or both, employed by the certificate holder to cease all advertising indicating that the training center is certificated by the Administrator.

§ 142.33

Training agreements.

A pilot school certificated under part 141 of this chapter may provide training, testing, and checking for a training center certificated under this part if—

(a) There is a training, testing, and checking agreement between the certificated training center and the pilot school;

(b) The training, testing, and checking provided by the certificated pilot school is approved and conducted in accordance with this part;

(c) The pilot school certificated under part 141 obtains the Administrator's approval for a training course outline that includes the portion of the training, testing, and checking to be conducted under part 141; and

(d) Upon completion of training, testing, and checking conducted under part 141, a copy of each student's training record is forwarded to the part 142 training center and becomes part of the student's permanent training record.

§ 142.35

Applicability.

This subpart prescribes the curriculum and syllabus requirements for the issuance of a training center certificate and training specifications for training, testing, and checking conducted to meet the requirements of part 61 of this chapter.

§ 142.37

Approval of flight aircrew training program.

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each applicant for, or holder of, a training center certificate must apply to the Administrator for training program approval.

(b) A curriculum approved under SFAR 58 of part 121 of this chapter is approved under this part without modifications.

(d) Each application for training program approval must indicate—

(1) Which courses are part of the core curriculum and which courses are part of the specialty curriculum;

(2) Which requirements of part 61 of this chapter would be satisfied by the curriculum or curriculums; and

(3) Which requirements of part 61 of this chapter would not be satisfied by the curriculum or curriculums.

(e) If, after a certificate holder begins operations under an approved training program, the Administrator finds that the certificate holder is not meeting the provisions of its approved training program, the Administrator may require the certificate holder to make revisions to that training program.

(f) If the Administrator requires a certificate holder to make revisions to an approved training program and the certificate holder does not make those required revisions, within 30 calendar days, the Administrator may suspend, revoke, or terminate the training center certificate under the provisions of § 142.11(e).

§ 142.39

Training program curriculum requirements.

Each training program curriculum submitted to the Administrator for approval must meet the applicable requirements of this part and must contain—

(a) A syllabus for each proposed curriculum;

(b) Minimum aircraft and flight training equipment requirements for each proposed curriculum;

(d) A curriculum for initial training and continuing training of each instructor or evaluator employed to instruct in a proposed curriculum; and

(e) For each curriculum that provides for the issuance of a certificate or rating in fewer than the minimum hours prescribed by part 61 of this chapter—

(1) A means of demonstrating the ability to accomplish such training in the reduced number of hours; and

(2) A means of tracking student performance.

§ 142.45

Applicability.

This subpart prescribes the personnel and flight training equipment requirements for a certificate holder that is training to meet the requirements of part 61 of this chapter.

§ 142.47

Training center instructor eligibility requirements.

(a) A certificate holder may not employ a person as an instructor in a flight training course that is subject to approval by the Administrator unless that person—

(1) Is at least 18 years of age;

(2) Is able to read, write, and speak and understand in the English language;

(3) If instructing in an aircraft in flight, is qualified in accordance with subpart H of part 61 of this chapter;

(4) Satisfies the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section; and

(5) Meets at least one of the following requirements—

(i) Except as allowed by paragraph (a)(5)(ii) of this section, meets the aeronautical experience requirements of § 61.129 (a), (b), (c), or (e) of this chapter, as applicable, excluding the required hours of instruction in preparation for the commercial pilot practical test;

(ii) If instructing in flight simulator or flight training device that represents an airplane requiring a type rating or if instructing in a curriculum leading to the issuance of an airline transport pilot certificate or an added rating to an airline transport pilot certificate, meets the aeronautical experience requirements of § 61.159, § 61.161, or § 61.163 of this chapter, as applicable; or

(iii) Is employed as a flight simulator instructor or a flight training device instructor for a training center providing instruction and testing to meet the requirements of part 61 of this chapter on August 1, 1996.

(b) A training center must designate each instructor in writing to instruct in each approved course, prior to that person functioning as an instructor in that course.

(1) Complete at least 8 hours of ground training on the following subject matter:

(i) Instruction methods and techniques.

(ii) Training policies and procedures.

(iii) The fundamental principles of the learning process.

(iv) Instructor duties, privileges, responsibilities, and limitations.

(v) Proper operation of simulation controls and systems.

(vi) Proper operation of environmental control and warning or caution panels.

(vii) Limitations of simulation.

(viii) Minimum equipment requirements for each curriculum.

(ix) Revisions to the training courses.

(x) Cockpit resource management and crew coordination.

(2) Satisfactorily complete a written test—

(i) On the subjects specified in paragraph (c)(1) of this section; and

(ii) That is accepted by the Administrator as being of equivalent difficulty, complexity, and scope as the tests provided by the Administrator for the flight instructor airplane and instrument flight instructor knowledge tests.

§ 142.47

Training center instructor eligibility requirements.

(a) * * *

(5) Meets at least one of the requirements in paragraphs (a)(5)(i) through (iv) of this section:

(i) Except as allowed by paragraph (a)(5)(ii) of this section, meets the aeronautical experience requirements of § 61.129(a), (b), (c), or (e) of this chapter, as applicable, excluding the required hours of instruction in preparation for the commercial pilot practical test, or holds a commercial pilot certificate with the appropriate ratings;

(ii) Meets the aeronautical experience requirements of § 61.159, § 61.161, or § 61.163 of this chapter, as applicable, or holds an unrestricted airline transport pilot certificate with the appropriate ratings, if instructing:

(A) In a flight simulation training device that represents an airplane or rotorcraft requiring a type rating, a powered-lift over 12,500 pounds, or a turbojet powered powered-lift, except as provided in paragraph (a)(5)(iv) of this section, or

(B) In a curriculum leading to the issuance of an airline transport pilot certificate or an added rating to an airline transport pilot certificate.

(iv) A person employed as an instructor and providing training in an FSTD that represents a rotorcraft requiring a type rating is not required to meet the aeronautical experience requirements of paragraph (a)(5)(ii) of this section and may instead meet the experience requirements of paragraph (a)(i) of this section if:

(A) The person meets the experience requirements of paragraph (a)(5)(i) of this section;

(B) The person is not providing training in a curriculum leading to the issuance of an airline transport pilot certificate or an added rating to an airline transport pilot certificate, and

(2) * * *

(ii) That is accepted by the Administrator as being of equivalent difficulty, complexity, and scope as the tests provided by the Administrator for the applicable flight instructor and instrument flight instructor knowledge tests to the aircraft category in which they are instructing.

§ 142.49

Training center instructor and evaluator privileges and limitations.

(a) A certificate holder may allow an instructor to provide:

(1) Instruction for each curriculum for which that instructor is qualified.

(2) Testing and checking for which that instructor is qualified.

(3) Instruction, testing, and checking intended to satisfy the requirements of any part of this chapter.

(b) A training center whose instructor or evaluator is designated in accordance with the requirements of this subpart to conduct training, testing, or checking in qualified and approved flight training equipment, may allow its instructor or evaluator to give endorsements required by part 61 of this chapter if that instructor or evaluator is authorized by the Administrator to instruct or evaluate in a part 142 curriculum that requires such endorsements.

(1) Excluding briefings and debriefings, conduct more than 8 hours of instruction in any 24-consecutive-hour period;

(2) Provide flight training equipment instruction unless that instructor meets the requirements of § 142.53 (a)(1) through (a)(4), and § 142.53(b), as applicable; or

(3) Provide flight instruction in an aircraft unless that instructor—

(i) Meets the requirements of § 142.53(a)(1), (a)(2), and (a)(5);

(ii) Is qualified and authorized in accordance with subpart H of part 61 of this chapter;

(iii) Holds certificates and ratings specified by part 61 of this chapter appropriate to the category, class, and type aircraft in which instructing;

(iv) If instructing or evaluating in an aircraft in flight while serving as a required crewmember, holds at least a valid second class medical certificate; and

(v) Meets the recency of experience requirements of part 61 of this chapter.

§ 142.51

§ 142.53

Training center instructor training and testing requirements.

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, prior to designation and every 12 calendar months beginning the first day of the month following an instructor's initial designation, a certificate holder must ensure that each of its instructors meets the following requirements:

(1) Each instructor must satisfactorily demonstrate to an authorized evaluator knowledge of, and proficiency in, instructing in a representative segment of each curriculum for which that instructor is designated to instruct under this part.

(2) Each instructor must satisfactorily complete an approved course of ground instruction in at least—

(i) The fundamental principles of the learning process;

(ii) Elements of effective teaching, instruction methods, and techniques;

(iii) Instructor duties, privileges, responsibilities, and limitations;

(iv) Training policies and procedures;

(v) Cockpit resource management and crew coordination; and

(vi) Evaluation.

(3) Each instructor who instructs in a qualified and approved flight simulator or flight training device must satisfactorily complete an approved course of training in the operation of the flight simulator, and an approved course of ground instruction, applicable to the training courses the instructor is designated to instruct.

(4) The flight simulator training course required by paragraph (a)(3) of this section which must include—

(i) Proper operation of flight simulator and flight training device controls and systems;

(ii) Proper operation of environmental and fault panels;

(iii) Limitations of simulation; and

(iv) Minimum equipment requirements for each curriculum.

(5) Each flight instructor who provides training in an aircraft must satisfactorily complete an approved course of ground instruction and flight training in an aircraft, flight simulator, or flight training device.

(6) The approved course of ground instruction and flight training required by paragraph (a)(5) of this section which must include instruction in—

(i) Performance and analysis of flight training procedures and maneuvers applicable to the training courses that the instructor is designated to instruct;

(ii) Technical subjects covering aircraft subsystems and operating rules applicable to the training courses that the instructor is designated to instruct;

(iii) Emergency operations;

(iv) Emergency situations likely to develop during training; and

(v) Appropriate safety measures.

(7) Each instructor who instructs in qualified and approved flight training equipment must pass a written test and annual proficiency check—

(i) In the flight training equipment in which the instructor will be instructing; and

(ii) On the subject matter and maneuvers of a representative segment of each curriculum for which the instructor will be instructing.

(b) In addition to the requirements of paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(7) of this section, each certificate holder must ensure that each instructor who instructs in a flight simulator that the Administrator has approved for all training and all testing for the airline transport pilot certification test, aircraft type rating test, or both, has met at least one of the following three requirements:

(1) Each instructor must have performed 2 hours in flight, including three takeoffs and three landings as the sole manipulator of the controls of an aircraft of the same category and class, and, if a type rating is required, of the same type replicated by the approved flight simulator in which that instructor is designated to instruct;

(2) Each instructor must have participated in an approved line-observation program under part 121 or part 135 of this chapter, and that—

(i) Was accomplished in the same airplane type as the airplane represented by the flight simulator in which that instructor is designated to instruct; and

(ii) Included line-oriented flight training of at least 1 hour of flight during which the instructor was the sole manipulator of the controls in a flight simulator that replicated the same type aircraft for which that instructor is designated to instruct; or

(3) Each instructor must have participated in an approved in-flight observation training course that—

(i) Consisted of at least 2 hours of flight time in an airplane of the same type as the airplane replicated by the flight simulator in which the instructor is designated to instruct; and

(c) An instructor who satisfactorily completes a curriculum required by paragraph (a) or (b) of this section in the calendar month before or after the month in which it is due is considered to have taken it in the month in which it was due for the purpose of computing when the next training is due.

(d) The Administrator may give credit for the requirements of paragraph (a) or (b) of this section to an instructor who has satisfactorily completed an instructor training course for a part 121 or part 135 certificate holder if the Administrator finds such a course equivalent to the requirements of paragraph (a) or (b) of this section.

§ 142.54

Airline transport pilot certification training program.

No certificate holder may use a person nor may any person serve as an instructor in a training program approved to meet the requirements of § 61.156 of this chapter unless the instructor:

(a) Holds an airline transport pilot certificate with an airplane category multiengine class rating;

(b) Has at least 2 years of experience as a pilot in command in operations conducted under § 91.1053(a)(2)(i) or § 135.243(a)(1) of this chapter, or as a pilot in command or second in command in any operation conducted under part 121 of this chapter;

(1) The fundamental principles of the learning process;

(2) Elements of effective teaching, instruction methods, and techniques;

(3) Instructor duties, privileges, responsibilities, and limitations;

(4) Training policies and procedures; and

(5) Evaluation.

(d) If providing training in a flight simulation training device—

(1) Holds an aircraft type rating for the aircraft represented by the flight simulation training device utilized in the training program and have received training and evaluation within the preceding 12 months from the certificate holder on the maneuvers that will be demonstrated in the flight simulation training device; and

(2) Satisfies the requirements of § 142.53(a)(4).

(e) A certificate holder may not issue a graduation certificate to a student unless that student has completed all the curriculum requirements of the course.

(f) A certificate holder must conduct evaluations to ensure that training techniques, procedures, and standards are acceptable to the Administrator.

§ 142.55

Training center evaluator requirements.

(a) Except as provided by paragraph (d) of this section, a training center must ensure that each person authorized as an evaluator—

(1) Is approved by the Administrator;

(2) Is in compliance with §§ 142.47, 142.49, and 142.53 and applicable sections of part 183 of this chapter; and

(3) Prior to designation, and except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, every 12-calendar-month period following initial designation, the certificate holder must ensure that the evaluator satisfactorily completes a curriculum that includes the following:

(i) Evaluator duties, functions, and responsibilities;

(ii) Methods, procedures, and techniques for conducting required tests and checks;

(iii) Evaluation of pilot performance; and

(iv) Management of unsatisfactory tests and subsequent corrective action; and

(4) If evaluating in qualified and approved flight training equipment must satisfactorily pass a written test and annual proficiency check in a flight simulator or aircraft in which the evaluator will be evaluating.

(b) An evaluator who satisfactorily completes a curriculum required by paragraph (a) of this section in the calendar month before or the calendar month after the month in which it is due is considered to have taken it in the month is which it was due for the purpose of computing when the next training is due.

(c) The Administrator may give credit for the requirements of paragraph (a)(3) of this section to an evaluator who has satisfactorily completed an evaluator training course for a part 121 or part 135 certificate holder if the Administrator finds such a course equivalent to the requirements of paragraph (a)(3) of this section.

(d) An evaluator who is qualified under subpart Y of part 121 of this chapter shall be authorized to conduct evaluations under the Advanced Qualification Program without complying with the requirements of this section.

§ 142.57

Aircraft requirements.

(a) An applicant for, or holder of, a training center certificate must ensure that each aircraft used for flight instruction and solo flights meets the following requirements:

(1) Except for flight instruction and solo flights in a curriculum for agricultural aircraft operations, external load operations, and similar aerial work operations, the aircraft must have an FAA standard airworthiness certificate or a foreign equivalent of an FAA standard airworthiness certificate, acceptable to the Administrator.

(2) The aircraft must be maintained and inspected in accordance with—

(i) The requirements of part 91, subpart E, of this chapter; and

(ii) An approved program for maintenance and inspection.

(3) The aircraft must be equipped as provided in the training specifications for the approved course for which it is used.

(b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, an applicant for, or holder of, a training center certificate must ensure that each aircraft used for flight instruction is at least a two- place aircraft with engine power controls and flight controls that are easily reached and that operate in a conventional manner from both pilot stations.

(c) Airplanes with controls such as nose-wheel steering, switches, fuel selectors, and engine air flow controls that are not easily reached and operated in a conventional manner by both pilots may be used for flight instruction if the certificate holder determines that the flight instruction can be conducted in a safe manner considering the location of controls and their nonconventional operation, or both.

§ 142.59

Flight simulators and flight training devices.

(a) An applicant for, or holder of, a training center certificate must show that each flight simulator and flight training device used for training, testing, and checking (except AQP) will be or is specifically qualified and approved by the Administrator for—

(1) Each maneuver and procedure for the make, model, and series of aircraft, set of aircraft, or aircraft type simulated, as applicable; and

(2) Each curriculum or training course in which the flight simulator or flight training device is used, if that curriculum or course is used to satisfy any requirement of 14 CFR chapter I.

(b) The approval required by paragraph (a)(2) of this section must include—

(1) The set of aircraft, or type aircraft;

(2) If applicable, the particular variation within type, for which the training, testing, or checking is being conducted; and

(3) The particular maneuver, procedure, or crewmember function to be performed.

(1) Be maintained to ensure the reliability of the performances, functions, and all other characteristics that were required for qualification;

(2) Be modified to conform with any modification to the aircraft being simulated if the modification results in changes to performance, function, or other characteristics required for qualification;

(3) Be given a functional preflight check each day before being used; and

(4) Have a discrepancy log in which the instructor or evaluator, at the end of each training session, enters each discrepancy.

(d) Unless otherwise authorized by the Administrator, each component on a qualified and approved flight simulator or flight training device used by a training center must be operative if the component is essential to, or involved in, the training, testing, or checking of airmen.

(e) Training centers shall not be restricted to specific—

(1) Route segments during line-oriented flight training scenarios; and

(2) Visual data bases replicating a specific customer's bases of operation.

(f) Training centers may request evaluation, qualification, and continuing evaluation for qualification of flight simulators and flight training devices without—

(1) Holding an air carrier certificate; or

(2) Having a specific relationship to an air carrier certificate holder.

§ 142.61

Applicability.

This subpart prescribes the operating rules applicable to a training center certificated under this part and operating a course or training program curriculum approved in accordance with subpart B of this part.

§ 142.63

Privileges.

A certificate holder may allow flight simulator instructors and evaluators to meet recency of experience requirements through the use of a qualified and approved flight simulator or qualified and approved flight training device if that flight simulator or flight training device is—

(a) Used in a course approved in accordance with subpart B of this part; or

(b) Approved under the Advanced Qualification Program for meeting recency of experience requirements.

§ 142.65

Limitations.

(a) A certificate holder shall—

(1) Ensure that a flight simulator or flight training device freeze, slow motion, or repositioning feature is not used during testing or checking; and

(2) Ensure that a repositioning feature is used during line operational simulation for evaluation and line-oriented flight training only to advance along a flight route to the point where the descent and approach phase of the flight begins.

(b) When flight testing, flight checking, or line operational simulation is being conducted, the certificate holder must ensure that one of the following occupies each crewmember position:

(1) A crewmember qualified in the aircraft category, class, and type, if a type rating is required, provided that no flight instructor who is giving instruction may occupy a crewmember position.

(2) A student, provided that no student may be used in a crewmember position with any other student not in the same specific course.

(c) The holder of a training center certificate may not recommend a trainee for a certificate or rating, unless the trainee—

(1) Has satisfactorily completed the training specified in the course approved under § 142.37; and

(2) Has passed the final tests required by § 142.37.

(d) The holder of a training center certificate may not graduate a student from a course unless the student has satisfactorily completed the curriculum requirements of that course.

§ 142.71

Applicability.

This subpart prescribes the training center recordkeeping requirements for trainees enrolled in a course, and instructors and evaluators designated to instruct a course, approved in accordance with subpart B of this part.

§ 142.73

Recordkeeping requirements.

(a) A certificate holder must maintain a record for each trainee that contains—

(1) The name of the trainee;

(2) A copy of the trainee's pilot certificate, if any, and medical certificate;

(3) The name of the course and the make and model of flight training equipment used;

(4) The trainee's prerequisite experience and course time completed;

(5) The trainee's performance on each lesson and the name of the instructor providing instruction;

(6) The date and result of each end-of-course practical test and the name of the evaluator conducting the test; and

(7) The number of hours of additional training that was accomplished after any unsatisfactory practical test.

(b) A certificate holder shall maintain a record for each instructor or evaluator designated to instruct a course approved in accordance with subpart B of this part that indicates that the instructor or evaluator has complied with the requirements of §§ 142.13, 142.45, 142.47, 142.49, and 142.53, as applicable.

(1) Maintain the records required by paragraphs (a) of this section for at least 1 year following the completion of training, testing or checking;

(2) Maintain the qualification records required by paragraph (b) of this section while the instructor or evaluator is in the employ of the certificate holder and for 1 year thereafter; and

(3) Maintain the recurrent demonstration of proficiency records required by paragraph (b) of this section for at least 1 year.

(d) The certificate holder must provide the records required by this section to the Administrator, upon request and at a reasonable time, and shall keep the records required by—

(1) Paragraph (a) of this section at the training center, or satellite training center where the training, testing, or checking, if appropriate, occurred; and

(2) Paragraph (b) of this section at the training center or satellite training center where the instructor or evaluator is primarily employed.

(e) The certificate holder shall provide to a trainee, upon request and at a reasonable time, a copy of his or her training records.

§ 142.81

Conduct of other approved courses.

(a) An applicant for, or holder of, a training center certificate may apply for approval to conduct a course for which a curriculum is not prescribed by this part.

(b) The course for which application is made under paragraph (a) of this section may be for flight crewmembers other than pilots, airmen other than flight crewmembers, material handlers, ground servicing personnel, and security personnel, and others approved by the Administrator.

(c) An applicant for course approval under this subpart must comply with the applicable requirements of subpart A through subpart F of this part.

(d) The Administrator approves the course for which the application is made if the training center or training center applicant shows that the course contains a curriculum that will achieve a level of competency equal to, or greater than, that required by the appropriate part of this chapter.

CCAR-142 原文

CCAR-142 飞行训练中心运行合格审定规则

来源: CAAC PDF原文

民航总局令第 128 号

飞行训练中心合格审定规则

（2004 年 10 月 12 日）

CCAR-142

民航总局办公厅制版

中国民用航空总局令第 1２8 号

《飞行训练中心合格审定规则》已经 200４年１０月１２日中国民用航空总局局务会议通过，现予公布，自 2005 年 6 月 1 日起施行。

局长

杨元元

二○○四年十月十二日

目 A章

录

总则 ...........................................1

142.1 目的和依据 ...................................1 142.3 适用范围 .....................................1 142.5 定义 ........................................2 142.7 管理机构 .....................................2 142.9 飞行训练中心合格证与运行规范 ....................3 142.11 飞行训练中心的内部机构和人员 ...................3 142.13 训练管理手册要求 .............................3 142.15 训练中心分支机构 .............................5 142.17 境外及香港、澳门特别行政区的飞行训练中心 .........6 142.19 训练设备的租赁 ...............................6 B章

合格审定的程序和要求...............................6

142.31 合格证的申请 ................................6 142.33 申请的受理与审定 .............................8 142.35

飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范的颁发 .............9

142.37 飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范的内容 ..............9 142.39 飞行训练中心合格证的有效期 ....................11 142.41

合格证和运行规范的修改 ......................11

142.43 保存和使用的责任 ............................12 142.45 监督检查的实施 ..............................13 C章

训练大纲要求 ....................................13

142.51

训练大纲的审批和使用 ........................13

142.53 D章

训练大纲课程的要求..........................14

人员要求 ........................................15

142.61

教员的一般要求 .............................15

142.63

地面教员的资格要求、权利和限制................16

142.65

在飞行模拟机和飞行训练器上担任教员的资格要求 ....16

142.67

航空器飞行教员的资格要求.....................18

142.69

教员的权利和限制 ...........................18

142.71

飞行训练中心检查员..........................19

E章

训练设备与设施 ...................................19

142.81

飞行模拟机与飞行训练器要求 ...................19

142.83

航空器....................................20

142.85 训练中心的设施 ..............................20 F章

记录保持 ........................................21

142.91 G章

罚则 ...........................................23

142.101 H章

记录保持要求...............................21

警告和罚款 ...............................23

附则 ...........................................24

142.111

施行日期 .................................24

关于《飞行训练中心合格审定规则》的说明 ...................25

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

飞行训练中心合格审定规则 A章

总则

142.1 目的和依据为了规范飞行训练中心的合格审定和持续监督检查,保证受训的民用航空器驾驶员达到并保持规定的训练标准和质量,根据《中华人民共和国民用航空法》和《国务院对确需保留的行政审批项目设定行政许可的决定》，制定本规则。 142.3 适用范围 (a)本规则适用于为他人提供下列训练的飞行训练中心： (1)为满足中国民用航空规章（以下简称 CCAR）第 121 部、第 135 部的要求，为公共航空运输承运人的民用航空器驾驶员提供的训练，但公共航空运输承运人干租训练中心的训练设备实施的训练除外。 (2)中国民用航空器驾驶员按照 CCAR 第 61 部获得和保持航空器型别等级需接受的训练和检查。 (3)中国民用航空器驾驶员按照 CCAR 第 61 部获得航线运输驾驶员执照需接受的训练。 (b)按照 CCAR 第 91 部或第 141 部通过审定，被批准从事本 CCAR—142

— 1 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

条(a)(2)、(a)(3)款所述训练的商业非运输运营人或飞行学校，无需按照本规则进行再次审定。 142.5 定义 (a)干租：在本规则中，是指飞行训练中心仅将其训练设备租赁给公共航空运输承运人使用，由承运人使用自己的教员实施训练的租赁方法。 (b)核心课程：是指飞行训练中心针对特定机型制定的不针对特定客户的训练课程。 (c)特殊课程：是指飞行训练中心根据一个或几个客户的需求制定的，仅适用于这些特定客户的训练课程。 (d)运行规范：由中国民用航空总局或民航地区管理局（以下简称局方）向经审定合格的飞行训练中心颁发的飞行训练中心合格证的补充文件，包括对训练中心的训练批准和限制。 142.7 管理机构 (a)中国民用航空总局（以下简称民航总局）统一管理按本规则实施训练的飞行训练中心的审定和监督工作，负责境外和香港、澳门特别行政区的飞行训练中心的合格审定及持续监督检查工作。 (b)民航地区管理局负责本辖区内飞行训练中心的合格审定

CCAR—142

— 2 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

及持续监督检查工作。民航地区管理局应当对本辖区内每个飞行训练中心指派一名主任监察员，负责对飞行训练中心的具体管理工作。 142.9 飞行训练中心合格证与运行规范飞行训练中心应当按本规则要求申请颁发飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范，取得局方颁发的飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范后方可实施训练。 142.11 飞行训练中心的内部机构和人员 (a)飞行训练中心应当具有足够的组织实施训练工作的机构和人员，能够按照本规则及运行规范的要求实施训练。 (b)飞行训练中心应当具有独立于其他机构的训练质量控制机构或人员，该机构或人员对训练中心主任负责，监督训练中心对运行规范的贯彻执行情况。在训练中心的日常运行中对教员、教材和教学进行监督检查，对影响训练质量的问题提出修改建议。 142.13 训练管理手册要求 (a)除经局方批准偏离的情况外，飞行训练中心应当制定训练管理手册，供相关的训练管理人员和教学人员使用。 (b)训练管理手册应当符合下列要求： CCAR—142

— 3 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

(1)包含必需的指令和信息，使有关人员能完成所担负的工作职责； (2)对于中国境内的飞行训练中心，应当具有中文版本；对于境外和香港、澳门特别行政区的飞行训练中心，应当具有中文或英文版本。如果合格证持有人在运行中使用了不熟悉上述文字的人员，则应当为其提供相应文字的手册，并且应当保证这些手册的一致性； (3)采用易于修订的形式； (4)在有关的每一页上，具有最后一次修订的日期； (5)符合适用的中国民用航空规章、该合格证持有人的飞行训练中心合格证与运行规范。 (c)训练管理手册应当至少包含下列内容： (1)训练中心的总政策； (2)训练中心的内部机构及职能； (3)组织实施训练工作的程序和方法； (4)训练大纲、教材有效性的控制和管理方法，训练质量的控制程序和方法； (5)教学设施、设备完善性的控制，应急和安全设备的清单及其使用说明； (6)教员资格有效性的保持方法； CCAR—142

— 4 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

(7)训练记录的保持方法； (8)紧急情况下的职责分工和处置程序； (9)局方要求的其他内容。 142.15 训练中心分支机构飞行训练中心在国内外设立按本规则运行的分支机构时，应当申请在运行规范中列明分支机构的名称、地址和训练授权。并满足下列要求： (a)国内设立的分支机构在按照批准的运行规范实施训练时，应当满足下列要求： (1)设施、设备、人员满足本规则中相应要求； (2)教员与质量控制人员的业务工作由总部直接进行管理； (b)对于在国内跨地区设立的分支机构，由分支机构所在地地区管理局负责日常监督检查，并遵守下列要求： (1)监察结果不涉及运行规范修改时，该地区管理局可直接处理并通知训练中心总部所在地地区管理局； (2)监察结果涉及运行规范修改时，该地区管理局应将修改意见通知训练中心总部所在地地区管理局处理。 (c)在境外及香港、澳门特别行政区设立分支机构时，分支机构的训练和质量由训练中心总部统一管理和控制，训练中心总部所在地地区管理局对其进行监督检查。 CCAR—142

— 5 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

142.17 境外及香港、澳门特别行政区的飞行训练中心 (a)符合本规则 142.3 条规定的境外及香港、澳门特别行政区的飞行训练中心，由民航总局按本规则要求，组织合格审定和持续监督检查。 (b)对于民航当局之间签订有相应双边协议的境外和香港、澳门特别行政区的飞行训练中心，按照双边协议的要求实施管理。 142.19 训练设备的租赁 (a)飞行训练中心可以租用航空器、飞行模拟机、飞行训练器等训练设备在训练中使用。飞行训练中心在训练期间应当对租用的设备具有排他使用权，并且应当向局方递交租用合同的副本。 (b)租用的飞行训练设备应满足本规则 142.81、142.83 条的要求。 B章

合格审定的程序和要求

142.31 合格证的申请 (a)境外或香港、澳门特别行政区的合格证申请人应当向民航总局提交飞行训练中心合格证的申请书，中国境内的合格证申请人应当向所在地区的民航地区管理局提交飞行训练中心合格证的申请书。 (b)申请飞行训练中心合格证的申请人，其申请书及相关申请 CCAR—142

— 6 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

文件应包括以下内容： (1)申请书应包括以下内容： (i)飞行训练中心的名称、地址和联系方式； (ii)申请批准的训练课程； (iii)申请人的签字。 (2)申请人应递交的相关申请文件包括： (i)训练管理手册； (ii)载明训练中心主要管理人员、教员和检查员的简历和资格的文件； (iii)训练中使用的航空器、飞行训练器、飞行模拟机和其他教学设备的清单。清单中应当注明航空器的类别、级别和型别，飞行训练器、飞行模拟机的鉴定等级，以及这些设备的产权情况； (iv)使用的各类训练大纲和教材； (v)按照局方公布的运行规范标准格式填写的运行规范草案； (vi)对审定活动日程的建议。 (c)申请人可以申请下列一项或多项训练课程的训练： (1)为公共航空运输承运人提供的针对特定机型的训练，包括： (i)初始获得资格的训练，包括驾驶员的初始训练、转机型训练、升级训练和差异训练； CCAR—142

— 7 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

(ii)保持资格的训练和检查，包括定期复训、重新获得资格训练和熟练检查； (2)按照 CCAR 第 61 部实施的型别等级训练和检查； (3)航线运输驾驶员执照的地面训练； (4)其他特殊类型的训练，如双发延程、缩小垂直间隔、极地运行和 II 类/III 类进近等。 142.33 申请的受理与审定 (a)局方收到申请人的申请材料后，应当对材料的完整性进行审查，以确定是否受理。对于材料不齐全或者不符合格式要求的申请，局方应当在收到申请之后的 5 个工作日内书面通知申请人需要补正的全部内容。逾期不通知即视为在收到申请之日受理。申请人按照局方的通知提交全部补正材料的，局方应当受理申请。 (b)局方作出受理或不予受理的决定，应当向申请人出具加盖公章并注明日期的书面凭证。 (c)主任监察员组织对申请人提交的相关文件进行审查，对教学管理和教学实施进行检查评估，并写出审定报告。 (d)局方受理申请后，应当在 20 个工作日内对申请人的申请材料进行审查并作出许可决定。局方组织实施检验、检测和专家评审的时间不计入前述 20 个工作日的期限。 CCAR—142

— 8 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

142.35

(民航总局令第 128 号)

飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范的颁发

(a)局方完成审查后，认为申请人符合本规则要求，为其颁发飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范；局方也可以根据审查的实际情况，为其颁发飞行训练中心合格证和批准部分申请的运行规范。 (b)申请人具有下列情形之一的，不予颁发飞行训练中心合格证。 (1)在最近二年中曾经被局方吊销飞行训练中心合格证。 (2)申请人安排或计划安排担任主要管理职位的人员，在最近 2 年内曾经担任另一合格证持有人的主要管理职位并对该合格证持有人合格证的吊销或暂扣负有主要责任； (3)申请人为获得合格证，提供不完整、不准确、假冒或伪造的资料信息； (4)申请人没有配备合适的或足够的人员、设备、设施和资料，不能按照本规则提供合格的训练。 (c)局方在作出不予颁发飞行训练中心合格证的决定时，应当告知申请人具有依法提起行政复议和行政诉讼的权利。 142.37 飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范的内容 (a)飞行训练中心合格证包含下列内容： (1)合格证持有人的名称； (2)合格证持有人的地址； CCAR—142

— 9 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

(3)合格证的编号； (4)合格证的生效日期、有效期； (5)负责监督该合格证持有人运行的局方机构名称或代号； (6)说明经审定，该合格证持有人符合本规则的相应要求，批准其按所颁发的运行规范实施训练。 (b)运行规范至少包含下列内容： (1)主训练基地的具体地址，以及其文件收发机构的名称与通信地址； (2)授权实施的训练类型，包括批准的课程； (3)训练、考试与检查中可能用到的航空器的类别、级别与型别； (4)每种飞行模拟机与飞行训练器的厂家、型号，以及模拟机、训练器的鉴定等级； (5)经局方管理部门鉴定评估的每台飞行模拟机与飞行训练器的识别号及有效期； (6)所有训练中心分部的名称与地址，以及为每个分部批准的训练类型和课程； (7)按本规则规定授权的偏离、豁免及限制； (8)局方要求的其它内容。

CCAR—142

— 10 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

142.39 飞行训练中心合格证的有效期 (a)除本条(b)款规定的情况外，按本规则颁发的合格证长期有效。 (b)民航总局按本规则为境外和香港、澳门特别行政区的飞行训练中心颁发的飞行训练中心合格证或等效文件，其有效期限为 24 个月。 (c)飞行训练中心合格证在合格证持有人放弃或局方暂扣或吊销该合格证时失效。合格证失效后，局方应注销其合格证，合格证持有人应当在 5 个工作日内将其交还颁发合格证的局方机构。 142.41

合格证和运行规范的修改

(a)下列情形下，局方可以修改按本规则颁发的飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范： (1)局方认为为了安全和公众利益需要修改； (2)合格证持有人申请修改，局方认为其申请满足本规则的要求。 (b)除本条(d)款规定的情形外，局方提出修改合格证、运行规范时，应当使用下列程序： (1)局方以书面形式提出修改内容，通知合格证持有人； (2)合格证持有人可以在收到通知后的 7 个工作日内对修改内 CCAR—142

— 11 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

容提出书面意见； (3)局方在考虑合格证持有人的意见后，作出修改决定并通知合格证持有人，合格证持有人可以在接到通知后 5 个工作日内提出申诉意见。 (4)局方考虑合格证持有人的申诉意见后，作出决定并重新颁发合格证或颁发运行规范的修改项。 (c)合格证持有人申请修改其合格证和运行规范，应当参照本规则 142.31、142.33 和 142.35 条的规定进行，局方应当在受理申请之后的 20 个工作日内作出许可决定。 (d)如果局方发现存在危及安全、需要立即行动的紧急情况，不能按照本条(b)、(c)款规定的程序修改合格证和运行规范，则可采取下列措施： (1)局方可以单方面决定修改合格证和运行规范，修改项在合格证持有人收到该修改通知之日起生效。 (2)在发给合格证持有人的通知中，应当说明原因，指出存在危及安全、需要立即行动的紧急情况，或者指出修改推迟生效将违背公众利益的情况。 142.43 保存和使用的责任 (a)合格证持有人应在训练中心内显著位置展示飞行训练中心合格证并在其主训练基地保存一套完整有效的运行规范，并保 CCAR—142

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中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

证能随时接受民航总局和民航地区管理局的检查。 (b)合格证持有人应将其运行规范中的有关内容或信息，写进本中心的训练管理手册中，还应当说明运行规范的每一条要求都具有强制性。 (c)合格证持有人应持续保证其参与训练工作的每个人员，熟知运行规范中适用于该人员工作职责的有关规定。 142.45 监督检查的实施 (a)局方应当对合格证持有人进行监督检查，以确定其是否持续符合本规则的规定，是否符合其飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范。合格证持有人应当接受局方对其进行的监督检查 (b)局方可根据检查结果确定合格证持有人是否合格于继续持有其飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范。 (c)合格证持有人负责保存记录、文件、报告的人员，应当能向局方提供相关资料。 C章 142.51

训练大纲要求

训练大纲的审批和使用

(a)飞行训练中心合格证的申请人或持有人应当将其训练大纲提请局方审批。 (b)训练中心提交的训练大纲所包含的课程可以分为核心课 CCAR—142

— 13 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

程和特殊课程两大部分，训练中心应当在训练大纲中指明哪些课程属于核心课程，哪些课程属于特殊课程。飞行训练中心的课程用于公共航空运输承运人的训练时，该课程应当包含在承运人的训练大纲中。 (c)按 CCAR 第 121 部、第 135 部运行的公共航空运输承运人在飞行训练中心接受训练时，应当使用承运人自身得到局方批准的训练大纲。该训练大纲可不作任何修改，即用于飞行训练中心为承运人提供的训练。飞行训练中心为承运人提供承运人训练大纲中规定的部分训练时，应当明确为承运人提供的是哪些部分的训练。 (d)提交审批的训练大纲应当使用局方可接受的的格式和方法编写。 (e)按批准的训练大纲开始运行后，局方发现该持有人进行的训练与批准的训练大纲规定的条款不一致时，可要求其对训练大纲作出修改或对训练作出更正。 142.53 训练大纲课程的要求飞行训练中心的训练大纲中包含的课程必须满足本规则的相应要求，并至少包含以下内容： (a)所申请的每种课程的训练提纲，包括教学目的、教学内容、教学时间以及考试的方法和标准。 CCAR—142

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中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

(b)每个课程所使用的飞行训练设备的最低要求。 (c)每个课程所使用的教员与检查员的最低资格要求。 (d)受雇于飞行训练中心担任教学任务的教员与检查员应接受的初始培训与持续训练课程。 D章 142.61

人员要求

教员的一般要求

(a)飞行训练中心应当具有足够数量的、合格的飞行教员和地面教员，保证训练工作的顺利实施。 (b)教员应当得到飞行训练中心的书面批准方可实施教学，批准书中应当具体指明教员可以实施哪些内容的教学。 (c)教员在初始聘任前，应当按以下项目完成至少 8 小时的地面训练并通过相应的笔试： (1)教学法； (2)训练政策与程序； (3)学习过程的基本原理； (4)教员的职责、权利与限制； (5)每种课程对设备的最低要求； (6)训练科目的修订； (7)人为因素，包括机组资源管理； CCAR—142

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中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

(d)教员应当对其承担教学任务的课程中的典型课程段，向检查员演示其教学能力和熟练程度。 (e)在飞行训练中心的核心课程中承担教学任务的教员，除持有按 CCAR61.221 条要求颁发的飞行教员执照的教员外，应当在初始聘任前得到局方的批准。 142.63

地面教员的资格要求、权利和限制

除本规则 142.61(c)款的要求外，地面教员还应当符合下列要求： (a)完成相关航空基础理论知识的培训，或者具有在航空院校相关航空专业接受本科教育的经历； (b)对其承担的教学任务和所针对的机型，完成相应课程的初始培训并通过训练中心的考试； (c)在飞行训练器上承担教学任务的地面教员，应当符合 142.65 条(a)、(b)、(c)款的规定。 (d)对于实施航线运输驾驶员执照理论训练的地面教员，应当持有按照 CCAR61.233 条颁发的包含高级地面教员等级的地面教员执照。 142.65

在飞行模拟机和飞行训练器上担任教员的资格要求

除本规则 142.61(c)款的要求外，在飞行训练器、飞行模拟机

CCAR—142

— 16 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

上担任教员还应当符合下列要求： (a)完成下列项目的地面理论和实际操作训练并通过相应的考试： (1)飞行模拟机、飞行训练器控制部件与系统的正常使用； (2)训练设备进行训练模拟的局限性。 (3)飞行模拟机、飞行训练器教员控制台的正确使用； (4)环境与故障设置面板的正确使用； (5)每种课程对训练设备的最低要求。 (b)在飞行模拟机、飞行训练器上完成一次其所执教课程的训练。 (c)每 12 个日历月按下列要求完成一次熟练检查： (1)在其执教的飞行模拟机或飞行训练器上进行； (2)检查的内容应当涵盖与其执教课程有关的航空器的理论知识和实际操作方法。 (d)在飞行模拟机上担任教员，应当持有 CCAR61.221 条要求的飞行教员执照。 (e)在飞行模拟机上承担航线运输驾驶员执照训练与航空器型别等级训练任务的教员，还应当符合下列条件之一： (1)在前 12 个日历月内在相应机型的航空器上完成 2 小时飞行，包括独立操纵航空器完成 3 次起落； CCAR—142

— 17 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

(2)在前 12 个日历月内按运行规章要求完成观察飞行并完成 1 小时在模拟机上的航线模拟训练。 142.67

航空器飞行教员的资格要求

除本规则 142.61(c)款的要求外，在航空器上担任飞行教员还应当符合下列要求： (a)持有有效的飞行教员执照； (b)持有有效的一级体检合格证； (c)满足 CCAR 第 61 部的近期经历要求； (d)对于其实施教学的航空器，应当持有相应的类别、级别与型别等级。 (e)每 12 个日历月按下列要求完成一次熟练检查或定期复训： (1)在其执教的航空器上进行； (2)检查的内容应当涵盖与其执教课程有关的航空器的理论知识和实际操作方法。 142.69

教员的权利和限制

(a)教员可以在飞行训练中心从事下列工作： (1)实施与其资格相符合的内容的教学，进行与其资格相符合的考试与检查； (2)推荐受训者参加相应的考试。

CCAR—142

— 18 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

(b)任何连续 24 个小时内的教学时间不得超过 8 小时（讲评时间除外）。

142.71 飞行训练中心检查员 (a)飞行训练中心的检查员应当符合下列要求： (1)由飞行训练中心以书面形式聘任并得到局方的批准； (2)符合 142.67 的要求； (3)在初始聘任前，完成下列项目的训练： (i)检查员的职责； (ii)实施检查的方法、程序与技能； (iii)对驾驶员表现的评估； (iv)对驾驶员检查结果不满意提出的改正措施。 (b)检查员可以在飞行训练中心从事下列工作： (1)进行与其资格相符合的检查； (2)推荐受训者参加与其资格相符的考试。 (c)除局方批准外，不对其本人承担的教学进行检查。 E章 142.81

训练设备与设施

飞行模拟机与飞行训练器要求

(a)按照本规则进行训练和检查所使用的每台飞行模拟机和 CCAR—142

— 19 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

飞行训练器均应符合中国民用航空规章规定的鉴定标准。 (b)飞行模拟机和飞行训练器应当按照 CCAR60 部的要求持续适用于训练大纲中所列训练科目的训练。 142.83

航空器

(a)用于飞行训练的航空器必须具有有效的适航证书； (b)航空器应当满足持续适航要求； (c)实际训练中使用的航空器应当与运行规范所批课程中所列的航空器一致。 (d)飞行训练中心供飞行教学使用的航空器，至少具有两个驾驶员座位，而且两个座位上的驾驶员都应能方便地使用其发动机控制装置与飞行控制装置。 142.85 训练中心的设施 (a)合格证申请人或持有人必须确认： (1)应当具有充足的飞行训练设备和教材，训练设备中至少应包括一台飞行模拟机或鉴定等级为 6 级(含)以上的飞行训练器，或一架航空器。 (2)教学场所，包括教室、训练准备和讲评室等满足教学需要； (3)使用的教学场所应具有良好的制冷（供暖）照明和通风设施，保证其符合当地在建筑、卫生和健康方面的标准；

CCAR—142

— 20 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

(4)周边环境不会经常对教学训练带来大的干扰。 (b)在局方实施监督检查时合格证申请人或持有人应在总部和分支机构提供办公场所。 (c)应当具有用于保存训练记录的场所； (d)应当具有用于保存训练大纲及教材的场所； (e)具有其它所需设施。 F 章记录保持 142.91

记录保持要求

(a)合格证持有人必须以书面形式为每个受训者保持记录，记录的内容应当包括： (1)受训者姓名； (2)培训课程的名称，完成的培训时间以及使用的飞行训练设备； (3)受训者在每一阶段的表现和教员的签名； (4)实施训练大纲要求的实践考试的日期与结果，以及实施考试的人员的签名； (5)训练中心检查员进行的检查科目的名称、检查结果和日期； (6)检查或考试不合格后追加的训练科目和小时数； CCAR—142

— 21 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

(7)通过训练后，训练中心颁发的合格证明的影印件。 (b)对按 B 章得到批准，被委任到特定科目中担任教学任务的每个教员与检查员，训练中心合格证持有人必须为其保持一套记录，以表明其满足了本规则中对其任职资格的要求。该记录应包括： (1)初始资格和持续资格的审查记录； (2)所接受的所有培训的名称、内容、完成时间及培训结果或培训合格证明； (3)训练中心合格证持有人批准其在特定教学内容中担任教员或检查员的批准书。 (c)合格证持有人应当符合下列要求： (1)本条(a)款中要求的记录，在完成训练、考试或检查后，至少保持 2 年； (2)教员和检查员在被合格证持有人雇佣期间或解雇后 2 年之内，必须按(b)款中的要求保持其资格记录； (3)本条(b)款中所要求的复训和熟练检查记录，必须保存 1 年以上。 (d)合格证持有人必须能在合理的时间内，按照局方的要求提供训练记录。 (e)合格证持有人必须能在合理的时间内，应受训者或受训者 CCAR—142

— 22 —

中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

所在单位的要求，为其提供本人的训练记录影印件。 (f)如合格证持有人仅提供训练设备的干租服务，则只需保存受训人员的设备使用记录。 G章 142.101

罚则

警告和罚款

局方发现合格证持有人存在下列行为之时，可以责令其停止违法行为，并处以警告或 3 万元以下罚款： (a) 在合格审定过程中弄虚作假，骗取飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范的； (b) 未经局方批准，违反其运行规范的规定实施训练的； (c) 记录保持违反本规则 142.91 条的要求的； (d)合格证持有人拒绝接受检查，或者不能按局方要求提供其飞行训练中心合格证、运行规范或任何必需的记录、文件、报告的； (e)使用未经局方批准的训练大纲或者不按经批准的训练大纲实施训练，或拒绝按照局方要求对训练大纲作出修改的； (f)未在其主训练地点展示飞行训练中心合格证的； (g)不按训练设备和航空器的使用要求实施训练的； (h)在训练实施过程中使用不满足本规则要求的人员实施教 CCAR—142

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中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

学和训练的。 H章 142.111

附则

施行日期

(a)本规则自 2005 年 6 月 1 日施行。 (b)在 2005 年 6 月 1 日前经局方批准的飞行训练中心，应当按本规则规范其训练，并在 2006 年 7 月 1 日前通过合格审定，取得飞行训练中心合格证，否则不得继续按照本规则实施训练。

CCAR—142

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中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

关于《飞行训练中心合格审定规则》的说明飞行训练中心主要承担航空公司飞行员的飞行训练任务，此外还承担其他飞行员的型别等级训练和航线运输驾驶员执照的理论训练，其训练质量的高低直接关系到民航的飞行安全。《飞行训练中心合格审定规则》（以下简称《规则》）的出台，旨在进一步规范政府对飞行训练中心的管理，提高飞行员的训练质量，保证飞行安全。对《规则》所涉及的主要问题说明如下：一、建立飞行训练中心管理中的行政许可制度。《规则》规定，飞行训练中心必须取得民航总局或民航地区管理局颁发的飞行训练中心合格证和运行规范，方可为中国的航空公司或飞行员提供训练。对飞行训练中心设立行政许可制度，符合《行政许可法》第十二条第(一)项的行政许可设定范围要求，符合规范飞行员训练管理、提高训练质量、保证航空器运行安全的实际需求。《规则》详细规定了飞行训练中心合格证的申请条件，涉及训练管理手册要求、训练大纲和教材要求、人员和设备要求、记录要求等各个方面。同时《规则》明确了许可的程序、期限等《行政许可法》要求政府在设定行政许可项目时明确的内容。

CCAR—142

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中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

局方颁发的运行规范作为飞行训练中心的合格证的补充文件，比较详细地规定了局方批准训练中心实施的训练的范围、类型和需满足的限制条件。训练中心实施训练时，除符合相应规章的规定外，必须严格按照运行规范的批准范围实施训练。完成审定后，局方制定监督计划，对训练中心进行日常的监督检查。并且为每个训练中心指定一名主任监察员。二、关于适用范围和与其他规章的关系问题。从《规则》142.3 条的规定我们可以看到，142 部的管理对象是为他人提供训练的飞行训练中心，而这些训练的目的是为了受训者满足航空器运行规章或驾驶员执照管理规章的要求，具体包括： (1)为了满足中国民用航空规章（CCAR）第 121 部、第 135 部的要求为公共航空运输承运人的驾驶员提供的训练； (2)为了满足 CCAR 第 61 部的要求为其他中国的民用航空器驾驶员提供的型别等级训练和航线运输驾驶员执照地面理论训练。对于他人干租训练中心的模拟机实施的训练，由于训练大纲、教员和教材都由受训者自己提供，训练质量亦由受训者自己控制，所以不属于 142 部的适用范围，而是适用于受训者所适用的规章，如 121 部或 135 部。对于按照 CCAR 第 91 部或第 141 CCAR—142

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中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

部的规定从事执照训练的商业非运输运营人或飞行学校，由于其按照 91 部或 141 部完成审定并按照 91 部或 141 部的要求控制训练质量，也没有必要再按照本《规则》进行再次审定。三、关于训练管理手册和训练质量控制系统。《规则》要求飞行训练中心制定训练管理手册，对训练中心各方面工作的组织实施作出文字性的规定；同时要求飞行训练中心配备独立于其他机构的训练质量控制机构或人员，该机构或人员对训练中心主任负责，监督训练中心对运行规范的贯彻执行情况，对影响训练质量的问题提出纠正意见。提出这些要求的目的是使训练规范化、标准化，让训练中心的各个部门在各个训练环节中遵守统一的标准和程序，保证其提供合格的训练。四、关于训练大纲和训练课程的问题。《规则》规定，飞行训练中心使用的训练大纲应当得到局方的批准。训练大纲所包含的课程可以分为核心课程和特殊课程两大部分，其中核心课程是飞行训练中心针对特定机型制定的不针对特定客户的训练课程，如对于 A320 机型的型别等级飞行训练课程，因为对所有客户都适用，即为核心课程；特殊课程是飞行训练中心根据一个或几个客户的需求制定的仅适用于这些特定客户的训练课程，如某航空公司根据其航路特点要求训练中心制定的 ETOPS 训练课程。训练中心应当在训练大纲中指明哪些课 CCAR—142

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中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

程属于核心课程，哪些课程属于特殊课程。飞行训练中心的课程用于公共航空运输承运人的训练时，这些课程应当包含在承运人的训练大纲中，并得到承运人的主任运行监察员的批准。此外，《规则》按照用途的不同将训练课程分为以下类型： (1)为公共航空运输承运人提供的针对特定机型的训练，包括初始获得资格的训练（包括初始训练、转机型训练、升级训练和差异训练）和保持资格的训练和检查（包括定期复训、重新获得资格训练和熟练检查）； (2)按照 CCAR 第 61 部实施的型别等级训练和检查； (3)航线运输驾驶员执照的地面训练； (4)其他特殊类型的训练，如双发延程、缩小垂直间隔、极地运行和 II 类/III 类进近等。训练中心必须在其运行规范中得到对相应课程类型的批准，方可从事该课程的训练。五、关于对境外飞行训练中心进行管理的问题我国每年有不少飞行员在国外和香港、澳门特别行政区的训练中心接受各种类别的训练。除航空公司干租训练中心的训练设备进行训练的情况外，这些训练中心应当接受民航总局的审定并取得运行规范。但是，如果训练中心所在地的民航当局与民航总局签订双边协议，同意用其他方法进行管理，也可以采用协议规 CCAR—142

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中国民用航空总局飞行训练中心审定规则

(民航总局令第 128 号)

定的管理方法。对于境内的训练中心，局方颁发的合格证和运行规范长期有效，但主任监察员需组织监察人员按照计划对其进行日常的监督检查。但对于国外的训练中心，由于局方难以进行日常监督检查，我们对其运行规范限定了 2 年的有效期。所以境外的训练中心长期承接中国航空公司的训练，必须每两年通过一次民航总局的审定。

CCAR—142

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